Flash memory
Flash memory is a non-volatile computer storage chip that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. It is primarily used in memory cards, USB flash drives, MP3 players and solid-state drives for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other digital products.
-A USB flash drive. The chip on the left is the flash memory. The controller is on the right.
Graphic cards
A graphics card (also video card) is a piece of hardware installed in a computer that is responsible for rendering the image on the computer’s monitor or display screen.
Sound cards
A sound card (also known as an audio card) is a computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education, and entertainment (games).
Network interface card ( NIC)
A network interface card, more commonly referred to as a NIC, is a device that allows computers to be joined together in a local area network (LAN). Networked computers communicate with each other using a given protocol or agreed-upon language for transmitting data packets between the different machines, known as nodes. The network interface card acts as the liaison for the machine to both send and receive data on the LAN.
Plug and Play
In the world of computing, 'plug and play’ is a term used to describe the characteristic of a universal serial bus, or device specification, which facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system, without the need for physical device configuration, or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.
Bus line
Device on a computer's motherboard that provides a data path between the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and attached devices. Examples of the devices are keyboard, mouse, disk drives and video cards. Like a vehicular bus that stops at an particular stations to pick up or drop off people, a computer bus receives a data signal from the CPU and drops it off at the appropriate device. Conversely, data signals from devices are sent back to the CPU. On a network, a bus provides the data path between the various computers and devices.
- An example of Bus line
High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. It is a digital alternative to consumer analog standards, such as radio frequency (RF) coaxial cable. HDMI connects digital audio/video sources (such as set-top boxes, upconvert DVD players, HD DVD players, Blu-ray Disc players, AVCHD camcorders, personal computers (PCs), video game consoles such as the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and AV receivers) to compatible digital audio devices, computer monitors, video projectors, and digital televisions.
-HDMI connector
- How HDMI work.
Cache memory
Cache (pronounced as cash) memory is extremely fast memory that is built into a computer’s central processing unit or located next to it on a separate chip. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) uses cache memory to store instructions that are repeatedly required to run programs, improving overall system speed. For examples in a computer with cache, the computer will copy the frequently used information into the cache. When needed, the Central Processing Unit will quickly acces the information from the cache.
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